A*STAR Scientists Discover Potential Drug for Deadly Brain Cancer ...

This discovery can potentially prevent the progression and relapse of deadly brain tumours

Singapore, Sept 4, 2012 ? (ACN Newswire) ? A*STAR scientists have identified a biomarker of the most lethal form of brain tumours in adults ? glioblastoma multiforme(1). The scientists found that by targeting this biomarker and depleting it with a potential drug, they were able to prevent the progression and relapse of the brain tumour.

This research was conducted by scientists at A*STAR?s Institute of Medical Biology led by Dr Prabha Sampath, Principal Investigator, in collaboration with A*STAR?s Bioinformatics Institute (BII), and clinical collaborators from Medical University of Graz, Austria, and National University of Singapore. The research findings were published on Aug 23 in the scientific journal, Cell Reports from Cell Press.

The scientists found that the biomarker, miR-138, is highly expressed in cancer stem cells compared to normal neural stem cells. They thus carried out in vitro experiments to deplete miR-138 in these cancer stem cells with a potential drug, antimiR-138, to observe the effect. They found that when miR-138 is depleted, the cancer cells are completely destroyed. This is an important breakthrough as current therapies such as gamma radiation and surgical methods proved to be inadequate in treating these brain tumours, which tend to re-grow from cancer stem cells and become extremely lethal.

Dr Sampath said, ?In this study we have identified a master regulator, miR-138, which is essential for the progression and relapse of a deadly form of brain cancer. By targeting this regulator we can effectively prevent the recurrence of this lethal form of cancer. This promising finding will pave the way for the development of a novel therapy to successfully treat the aggressive forms of brain cancer.?

Studies were also done in mice to determine whether antimiR-138 could effectively inhibit the growth of tumours. These experiments were conducted with a control drug as well, revealing that tumours continued to be present when mice were injected with the control, while injection with the antimiR-138 showed no tumour growth after nine months.

Dr Alan Colman, Executive Director of Singapore Stem Cell Consortium and a Principal Investigator at IMB said, ?Malignant gliomas are a particularly devastating and lethal form of human brain cancer. As with a growing number of other cancers, evidence is accumulating that the persistence and chemo-resistance of this cancer is due to the presence of glioma stem cells (GSCs). In this exciting publication, Sampath and colleagues indicate that in the tumours, these GSCs express the microRNA-138 (miR-138) and that the targeted elimination of this RNA markedly reduced the growth and survival of GSCs in cell culture. This work highlights the possible significance of miR-138 as a prognostic biomarker and also suggests miR-138 synthesis as a target for therapeutic intervention.?

Prof Sir David Lane, Chief Scientist at A*STAR, added, ?These findings will facilitate the translation of basic research into clinical applications such as targeted drug design to treat brain cancer. This is an excellent example of how A*STAR?s impactful research can be applied to develop treatments for diseases like cancer.?

Dr Sampath was a recipient of the A*STAR Investigatorship Award in 2007, a prestigious research award designed to attract the most promising young researchers from around the world to do independent research at A*STAR.

Notes for Editor:

(1) This form of brain tumour comprises 60% of the estimated 17 000 primary brain tumours diagnosed in the United States each year (http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/283252-overview) and patients diagnosed typically do not live longer than 12 to 14 months.

The research findings described in this media release can be found in the 23 August online issue of Cell Press under the title, ?Targeting Glioma Stem Cells by Functional Inhibition of a Prosurvival OncomiR-138 in Malignant Gliomas? by Xin Hui Derryn Chan1,*, Srikanth Nama1,*, Felicia Gopal1, Pamela Rizk1, Srinivas Ramasamy1, Gopinath Sundaram1, Ghim Siong Ow2, Ivshina Anna Vladimirovna2, Vivek Tanavde2, Johannes Haybaeck3, Vladimir Kuznetsov2, and Prabha Sampath1,4,#

1 Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
2 Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 138671, Singapore
3 Department of Neuropathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
4 Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore

*These authors contributed equally to this work.
#Correspondence should be addressed to: Prabha Sampath ( prabha.sampath@imb.a-star.edu.sg )

About the Institute of Medical Biology (IMB)

IMB is one of the Biomedical Sciences Institutes of the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR). It was formed in 2007, the 7th and youngest of the BMRC Research Institutes, with a mission to study mechanisms of human disease in order to discover new and effective therapeutic strategies for improved quality of life. From 2011, IMB also hosts the inter-research institute Skin Biology Cluster platform. IMB has 20 research teams of international excellence in stem cells, genetic diseases, cancer and skin and epithelial biology, and works closely with clinical collaborators to target the challenging interface between basic science and clinical medicine. Its growing portfolio of strategic research topics is targeted at translational research on the mechanisms of human diseases, with a cell-to-tissue emphasis that can help identify new therapeutic strategies for disease amelioration, cure and eradication. For more information about IMB, please visitwww.imb.a-star.edu.sg .

About the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)

The Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) is the lead agency for fostering world-class scientific research and talent for a vibrant knowledge-based and innovation-driven Singapore. A*STAR oversees 14 biomedical sciences and physical sciences and engineering research institutes, and six consortia centres, located in Biopolis and Fusionopolis as well as their immediate vicinity. A*STAR supports Singapore?s key economic clusters by providing intellectual, human and industrial capital to its partners in industry. It also supports extramural research in the universities, and with other local and international partners. For more information about A*STAR, please visitwww.a-star.edu.sg .

Contact:

Prabha Sampath
Institute of Medical Biology (IMB)
Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
8A Biomedical Grove, IMMUNOS Building #06-06
BIOPOLIS, 138648, Singapore
Tel: +65 64070171
Email: prabha.sampath@imb.a-star.edu.sg

For media queries and clarifications, please contact:
Vithya Selvam (Ms)
Senior Officer, Corporate Communications
Agency for Science, Technology and Research
Tel: +65 6826 6291
Email: vithya_selvam@a-star.edu.sg

Copyright 2012 ACN Newswire. All rights reserved.

Article source: http://nz.finance.yahoo.com/news/star-scientists-discover-potential-drug-053400369.html

Source: http://cancerkick.com/2012/09/04/astar-scientists-discover-potential-drug-for-deadly-brain-cancer/

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